TL431QPK

Basic Information Overview

• Category: Integrated Circuit (IC)
• Use: Voltage Reference
• Characteristics: Adjustable, Precision, Shunt Regulator
• Package: TO-92
• Essence: Programmable Precision Reference
• Packaging/Quantity: Bulk, 1000 pieces per reel

Specifications

• Reference Voltage Range: 2.495V to 36V
• Output Current: 1mA to 100mA
• Temperature Coefficient: ±50ppm/°C
• Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C

Detailed Pin Configuration

The TL431QPK IC has three pins: 1. Anode (A): Connected to the reference voltage input. 2. Cathode (K): Connected to the ground or negative supply. 3. Control (C): Connected to the external resistor divider network.

Functional Features

• Programmable Output Voltage: The TL431QPK can be programmed to provide a precise output voltage by adjusting the resistor divider network connected to the control pin.
• Voltage Regulation: It acts as a shunt regulator, maintaining a stable output voltage regardless of load variations.
• Low Power Consumption: The IC consumes very low power, making it suitable for battery-powered applications.
• Fast Response Time: The TL431QPK provides quick response to changes in load conditions, ensuring stable and reliable operation.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages: - High Precision: The TL431QPK offers excellent voltage regulation accuracy. - Wide Voltage Range: It supports a wide range of reference voltages, making it versatile for various applications. - Cost-effective: The IC is available at an affordable price point. - Easy to Use: Its simple three-pin configuration simplifies circuit design and integration.

Disadvantages: - Limited Output Current: The TL431QPK is not suitable for high-current applications. - Temperature Sensitivity: The IC's performance may be affected by temperature variations.

Working Principles

The TL431QPK is a three-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator. It compares the reference voltage at the anode pin with the voltage across the resistor divider network connected to the control pin. By adjusting the resistance values in the divider network, the output voltage can be precisely set. The TL431QPK then regulates the current flowing through it to maintain a stable output voltage.

Detailed Application Field Plans

The TL431QPK finds applications in various fields, including: 1. Voltage References: It is commonly used as a stable voltage reference in precision measurement equipment and analog-to-digital converters. 2. Power Supplies: The IC is employed in low-power linear power supplies to regulate the output voltage. 3. Battery Chargers: It is utilized in battery charging circuits to provide accurate voltage regulation during the charging process. 4. Audio Amplifiers: The TL431QPK can be used in audio amplifiers to stabilize the bias voltage and improve overall performance.

Detailed and Complete Alternative Models

Some alternative models to the TL431QPK include: 1. TL431ACP: Similar to TL431QPK but available in a different package (TO-92). 2. LM4040: Precision voltage reference IC with fixed output voltages. 3. LT1009: Precision reference IC with adjustable output voltage and higher current capability.

In conclusion, the TL431QPK is a versatile and cost-effective voltage reference IC. Its programmable output voltage, precision, and low power consumption make it suitable for a wide range of applications. However, its limited output current and sensitivity to temperature variations should be considered when selecting this IC for specific projects.